Ping:
The Ping command is used to find whether the host is alive or not.
example:
ping example.com
In order to wait for 2 seconds and then send packets use:
ping -i 2 example.com
If you want to send a specific number of packets then use the command
ping -c 5 example.com
If you want to ping the private IP of class A then use:
ping 10.*.*.*
Traceroute:
Traces the path from your computer to the destination computer.
Eg:
traceroute example.com
Subnet Mask:
Dividing a large network into small sub-networks is called subnetting. The subnet mask is masking bits to define the network and host parts.
The subnet mask helps you to organize different networks neatly.
